Demonstrative Pronouns (this, that, those ...)

These pronouns are used to identify a particular person / object relative to the speaker, listener, or others. In English it is like this house, that car, etc.

Pronouns

There are a few combinations possible.

1. Based on the gender of the object.
2. Based on the distance of the object relatively.

When the person / object is known

Pronoun	Singular / Plural	Gender	Relative Distance	English equivalent	Example	English
este	singular	masculine	near speaker	this	este carro é meu	this car is mine
esta	singular	feminine	near speaker	this	esta casa é minha	this house is mine
estes	plural	masculine	near speaker	these	estes carros são meus	these cars are mine
estas	plural	feminine	near speaker	these	estas casas são minhas	these houses are mine
esse	singular	masculine	near listener	that	esse carro é meu	that car is mine
essa	singular	feminine	near listener	that	essa casa é minha	that house is mine
aquele	singular	masculine	far from both speaker and listener	that	aquele carro é meu	that car is mine
aquela	singular	feminine	far from both speaker and listener	that	aquela casa é minha	that house is mine
esses	plural	masculine	near listener	those	esses carros são meus	those cars are mine
essas	plural	feminine	near listener	those	essas casas são minhas	those houses are mine
aqueles	plural	masculine	far from both speaker and listener	those	aqueles carros são meus	those cars are mine
aquelas	plural	feminine	far from both speaker and listener	those	aquelas casas são minhas	those houses are mine

When the person / object is unknown

Gender neutral way to talking about the person / object.

Pronoun	Relative Distance	English equivalent	Example	English
isto	near speaker	this	isto é seu?	this is yours?
isso	near listener	that	isso é seu?	that is yours?
aquilo	far from both speaker and listener	that	aquilo é inaceitável	that is unacceptable.